Benin
Subregion: Western Africa
Benin is a country located in Western Africa on the coast. The capital city is Porto-Novo but Benin has an administrative capital city as well, Cotonou. The government is a Unitarian presidential republic. The language of the country is French but the majority of the residents speak Fon. The predominant religion is Christianity but Islam and Voodoo are close behind. Public healthcare is provided to the population but it is underfunded and does not meet international standards but private healthcare is available.
Safety:
Overall, Benin is a peaceful country with friendly people. Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and theft, can occur in busy areas and markets, so it is important to keep your valuables close to you and be aware of your surroundings. Avoid walking alone at night, especially in unlit areas, and be cautious when using public transportation. While political protests and demonstrations are generally peaceful, there is always the potential for violence to break out. It is important to stay informed about the political situation in Benin and avoid any demonstrations or large gatherings. Benin has a high prevalence of certain diseases, such as malaria, so it is important to take appropriate health precautions, such as using mosquito nets and taking anti-malaria medication. Make sure you are up to date on all necessary vaccinations before traveling to Benin. The country is susceptible to natural disasters, such as floods and droughts, so it is important to be aware of weather conditions and follow the advice of local authorities in the event of an emergency. Road accidents are a major concern in Benin due to the poor condition of many roads and prevalence of reckless driving. Roads can be dangerous to drive on, particularly outside of major urban areas. Roads can be poorly maintained, poorly lit, and may not have clearly marked lanes or signage. There are often hazards on the road, such as potholes, debris, and livestock crossing the road. It is important to drive defensively and cautiously, particularly at night or in adverse weather conditions. If you are driving, be sure to follow traffic laws and drive defensively. If you are using public transportation, choose reputable companies and avoid overcrowded vehicles. Avoid travel to the country’s northern border due to terrorist groups and kidnappings in the area.
Cultural Customs:
Beninese people are made up of several ethnic groups. These groups practice their own religions and customs. They also maintain their own languages. They decorate their homes with fetishes to protect their homes and villages. A fetish is a statue or an object that contains in itself supernatural powers, its powers derive from the consecration rite that is carried out by spreading the fetish of some substances while reciting some prayers and offering sacrifices. Voodoo is a traditional religion that is widely practiced in Benin. It involves the worship of spirits, ancestors, and gods. Voodoo is an important aspect of Beninese culture, and many festivals and ceremonies are dedicated to it. Traditional clothing in Benin is colorful and often made from locally-sourced materials. Women typically wear a wrap skirt and a blouse, while men wear a loose-fitting shirt and trousers. The clothing often features intricate embroidery or beading. Music and dance are an important part of Beninese culture. Traditional music includes the use of drums, flutes, and other instruments, and is often accompanied by energetic dance performances. Beninese cuisine is varied and flavorful, with dishes featuring ingredients such as yams, cassava, rice, and beans. Popular dishes include Akpan, Gari Foto, and Kuli-Kuli. Benin is known for its colorful festivals and celebrations, many of which are dedicated to religious and cultural traditions. Some of the most famous festivals include the Voodoo Festival and the Ouidah Festival. Benin is home to many talented artists who create traditional crafts such as pottery, weaving, and wood carving. Artistic expression is an important part of Beninese culture, and many local communities have their own unique styles and traditions. Beninese people are known for their warm hospitality and welcoming nature. Guests are often treated with great respect and offered food, drink, and comfortable accommodations. This custom is deeply ingrained in Beninese culture and is an important part of daily life.
Geography & Weather:
There are two distinct geographical areas in Benin, Central/North and the coast. The flat lands are to the north and the coast has sandy plains and marshy mangroves. However, the climate of the entire country is tropical. There are two seasons, dry season (during Winter) and rainy season.
In the city of Kandi, located in the center/north part of the country, the average temperature ranges from 63 to 103 degrees Fahrenheit. The “coldest” month is January with a median temperature of 78 degrees F and April being the hottest month with a median temperature of 91 degrees F. July - September is the rainy season with the average rainfall being 8 inches per month during this time. The rainy season starts on the coast and moves north. High humidity is common in this area.
Porto-Novo is the Capital city and is located on the coast. The average temperature ranges from 75 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit. The coldest month is August with a median temperature of 79 degrees F and March is the hottest month with a median temperature of 85 degrees F. May - July is the rainy season with June averaging 12 inches of rain for the month. The sun shines the most during the dry season (Dec-March). The sea temperature averages 80 degrees year round.
Economy:
The economy of Benin is largely dependent on agriculture, with the majority of the population engaged in subsistence farming. However, the country has also seen growth in the industrial and service sectors in recent years. In terms of unemployment, Benin has a relatively high unemployment rate, estimated at around 2.5% in 2021. However, this figure is likely to be an underestimation, as many people in the country work in the informal sector and are not counted in official statistics. The government of Benin has taken steps to address the issue of unemployment, including the implementation of policies aimed at promoting job creation and economic growth. In addition, there have been efforts to improve education and skills training to better prepare the workforce for the job market. Despite these efforts, however, the issue of unemployment remains a significant challenge in Benin. Many young people in particular struggle to find work, and the country continues to face significant economic and social challenges.
Currency/Foreign Exchange Rate:
West African CFA Franc (XOF)
XOF 1.00 = USD .0017
Country Stats:
Population (2020):
12,123,200
Median Age:
18.8
Life Expectancy:
62.84
Visa Requirements:
Needed for Entry for US Citizens? Yes
Cost: Tourist Visa 30 days, single entry $56.50
Tourist Visa 30 days, multiple entry $84.75
Tourist Visa 90 days, multiple entry $113.00
Long Stay Resident Visa, length varies $203.50
Long Term Business Visa, 90 days multiple entry $135.50
*Additional Information*
Yellow fever vaccination on WHO Yellow Card is required for entry. The card should be carried with you at all times.
Citizenship Requirements:
Dual citizenship - Yes
Naturalization - Benin citizenship may be acquired upon fulfillment of the following conditions: Must have lived in Benin for 10 years, be in good health & of good character, must be able to speak French or one of the Beninese tribal languages, no criminal convictions over a year, and must understand the culture of the country.
Residency Requirements:
Residency permits are temporary(one year) or regular (must have had a temporary residency at least twice)
Resources:
US Embassy Cotonou
Marina Avenue
01 BP 2012 Cotonou, Benin
Telephone: +(229) 21-30-75-00
Emergency after-hours telephone: +(229) 21-30-75-00
Fax: +(229) 21-30-66-82
Email: ConsularCotonou@state.gov (for American Citizen Services)