Burundi
Subregion: Eastern Africa
Burundi is a landlocked country located in Eastern Africa. The political capital city is Gitega but Burundi also has an economic capital city, Bujumbura. The government is a Unitarian dominant party presidential republic. The national language of the country is Kirundi but French and English are also spoken. The predominant religion is Christianity. Public healthcare is provided to the population, availability is good but the quality of services are inadequate for basic needs. Private healthcare is available.
Safety:
Burundi has had a history of political instability and violence, which has resulted in safety concerns for both residents and visitors to the country. There is a high level of crime in Burundi, particularly in the capital city of Bujumbura. Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and theft, is common, and violent crime, including armed robbery, carjacking, and kidnapping, also occurs. Burundi has a history of political instability, and there have been periods of unrest and violence, particularly during elections. In 2015, there was a period of political unrest following President Pierre Nkurunziza's decision to run for a third term, which resulted in violence and a refugee crisis. There is a risk of terrorism in Burundi, particularly in the border regions with Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), a Ugandan Islamist militant group, has carried out attacks in the region, and there is also a risk of attacks by other extremist groups. Burundi has a high prevalence of infectious diseases, including malaria, typhoid fever, cholera, and HIV/AIDS. The country also has limited healthcare infrastructure, which can make it difficult to access medical care in the event of a health emergency. The road network in Burundi is poorly maintained, and many roads are in a state of disrepair. There are also few traffic lights or road signs, and drivers often ignore traffic laws, which can make driving hazardous. Potholes and other hazards can make driving difficult and dangerous. Serious accidents are common. In some rural areas, roads may be little more than dirt tracks. Many roads in Burundi are poorly lit, especially in rural areas. This can make driving at night particularly hazardous. Traffic in Burundi's larger cities, such as Bujumbura, can be congested and chaotic. Drivers should be prepared for heavy traffic and take extra care when navigating busy intersections. Roadblocks are common in Burundi, especially in rural areas. These are usually set up by security forces or local communities, and may cause delays or require drivers to take alternate routes. road closures or other travel disruptions related to political unrest can occur. Travelers should monitor local news and be prepared for possible changes to their travel plans. Stay at hotels with security and take care of showing cash especially at night. Copies of important documents should be kept on you at all times.
Cultural Customs:
Burundi’s culture is influenced by a number of traditions from local tribes. The country is known for its diverse cultural heritage, which is a blend of African, European, and Arabic influences. In Burundi, it is customary to greet people with a handshake, and to use their titles or honorifics, especially if they are older or in a position of authority. Burundian culture places great emphasis on showing respect for elders. This includes using proper titles and addressing them with respect, as well as seeking their advice and guidance. Burundians often wear traditional clothing, which includes brightly colored fabrics and intricate patterns. The women wear colorful head scarves and wrap around skirts, while the men wear long, flowing robes. Drumming is an important part of Burundian culture, and is often used in traditional music and dance performances. Drums are also used in ceremonies, such as weddings and funerals. The Royal Drummers of Burundi are used in ceremonies and have been a part of tradition since the 16th century. Traditional dance is an important part of Burundian culture, and is often performed to the sound of drums and other traditional instruments. Dances often tell stories about the history and culture of the Burundian people. Family is highly valued in Burundian culture, and extended families often live together. Respect for parents and elders is considered an important part of Burundian culture. Burundians are very social & often visit without prior notice. Most Burundians are Christian, but traditional African religions and Islam are also practiced. Religious beliefs are an important part of Burundian culture, and often influence daily life. Burundian cuisine is diverse and includes a variety of dishes, such as meat stews, beans, rice, and plantains. Milk and yogurt are also popular. Burundian art and crafts include wood carvings, baskets, pottery, and jewelry. Many of these crafts are made using traditional techniques that have been passed down through generations.Craft making is very important to showing Burundian culture.
Geography & Weather:
The climate in Burundi is warm because it is located south of the equator. The country is mostly plateau but there is also a mountain range. There are two seasons, dry season (during Austral Winter) and rainy season.
In Bujumbara, the capital city, the average temperature ranges from 63 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit. The “coldest” month is July with a median temperature of 73 degrees F and September being the hottest month with a median temperature of 77 degrees F. November - April is the rainy season with the average rainfall being 11-13 inches per month during this time. The rains increase with altitude.
In the north of the country by the Rwanda border, in the mountainous area, the average temperature is about 20 degrees lower than the rest of the country.
Economy:
The economy of Burundi is primarily agricultural, with the majority of the population engaged in subsistence farming. The country is rich in natural resources, including coffee, tea, and nickel, but has been hampered by political instability and conflicts. According to the World Bank, the unemployment rate in Burundi was estimated to be around 4.7% in 2019, but this number is likely an underestimate due to underemployment and informal work. The majority of the employed population works in the informal sector, with only a small percentage working in the formal sector. The economy of Burundi has been severely affected by political instability and conflict, with high levels of poverty and food insecurity. In 2020, the country experienced a significant economic contraction due to the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions. The pandemic exacerbated existing economic and social challenges in the country, including high levels of youth unemployment. The government of Burundi has undertaken a number of initiatives to address unemployment and stimulate economic growth, including promoting investment in key sectors such as agriculture and tourism. However, ongoing political instability and conflicts continue to pose significant challenges to economic development and job creation in the country.
Currency/Foreign Exchange Rate:
Burundi Franc (BIF)
BIF 1.00 = USD .00050
Country Stats:
Population (2020):
11,890,784
Median Age:
17.3
Life Expectancy:
62.71
Visa Requirements:
Needed for Entry for US Citizens? Yes
Letter of invitation or sponsorship required for application
Cost: Tourist Visa 30 days, single entry $70
Tourist Visa 30 days, multiple entry $90
*Additional Information*
Yellow fever vaccination on WHO Yellow Card is required for entry. The card should be carried with you at all times.
Citizenship Requirements:
Dual citizenship - Yes
Naturalization - Burundian citizenship may be acquired upon fulfillment of the following conditions: Must have lived in Burundi for 10 years, be of good character, no criminal history, must understand Kirundi, and must understand the customs and traditions of the country.
Residency Requirements:
Residency certificates are issued by the Bureau de la Population in the town of residence.
Resources:
U.S. Embassy Bujumbura
Avenue Des Etats-Unis
Bujumbura, Burundi
Telephone: +(257) 22-20-7000
Emergency After-Hours Telephone: +(257) 22-20-7000
Fax: +(257) 22-24-3467
Email: BujumburaACS@state.gov