Gambia
Subregion: Western Africa
The Gambia is a very small country located in Western Africa. It is surrounded by Senegal. The Capital City is Banjul. The government is a Unitary presidential republic. The official language of the country is English. The predominant religion is Islam. Healthcare in Gambia is public and private. There are only 3 hospitals but over 500 health facilities and clinics. However, there are only about 20 private clinics in the country.
Safety:
Being the smallest country on the mainland, Gambia is very safe. Petty crime and romance scams are the most common crimes but these can be avoided with precautions. Crime, including theft and pickpocketing, is a concern in urban areas, particularly in Banjul and the Serrekunda Market. Travelers should be cautious and take appropriate measures to protect their belongings, such as keeping valuables out of sight and not carrying large amounts of cash. There have also been occasional reports of violent crime, including armed robbery and sexual assault. Travelers should take precautions such as avoiding walking alone at night and staying in well-lit areas. The political situation in Gambia has been relatively stable in recent years, but there have been occasional outbreaks of political violence and protests. Travelers should avoid large gatherings and demonstrations, as these can turn violent. In addition, the risk of terrorism cannot be ruled out in Gambia. While there have been no recent terrorist attacks in the country, the government has warned of the potential for attacks by extremist groups. Finally, travelers should be aware of the risk of contracting diseases such as malaria and yellow fever in Gambia. They should take appropriate measures to protect themselves, such as taking prophylactic medication and getting vaccinated before traveling. Avoid walking alone in tourist areas as you can be approached by locals that will attempt to help you but expect payment in return. Carry your travel documents on you at all times. Road conditions in Gambia can be quite poor and hazardous, particularly in rural areas. Many roads are unpaved and can become very muddy and difficult to traverse during the rainy season. Extreme caution needs to be used when driving during the rainy season. Roads can be impassable June - October due to the rains. Additionally, some roads may be poorly maintained and have potholes or other hazards. There are also some safety concerns related to driving in Gambia. Traffic accidents are not uncommon, and many drivers may not follow traffic laws or may drive recklessly. It is important to exercise caution when driving in Gambia and to be aware of your surroundings at all times. If you are planning to drive in Gambia, it is recommended that you obtain an international driving permit and purchase adequate insurance coverage. You should also make sure that your vehicle is in good condition and that you have a map or GPS to help navigate the roads. Pedestrians and livestock are road hazards throughout the country.
Cultural Customs:
The Gambia has several ethnic groups, each with its unique customs and traditions. Family is the cornerstone of Gambian society. The extended family is highly valued, and family members are expected to look after each other. Children are raised to respect their elders and show deference to authority. Gambians have a deep respect for their elders. It is customary for younger people to greet older people first, and to address them with honorific titles. Elders are also consulted on important decisions, and their wisdom is highly valued. Gambians often wear traditional clothing made from brightly colored fabrics. Men wear boubous, long flowing robes, and women wear boubous or wrappers that cover their entire body. Most younger people wear western style clothing. Music and dance play an important role in Gambian culture. Traditional music is performed using instruments such as the kora, balafon, and djembe, while traditional dances include the Kankurang, Sabar, and Wassoulou. Gambian cuisine is influenced by West African and European cooking styles. Staples include jollof rice, fish, meat, vegetables, and fruits. Common dishes include domoda (peanut stew), benechin (one-pot rice dish), and yassa (marinated meat or fish). The majority of Gambians are Muslims, with a significant Christian minority. Islam is deeply ingrained in Gambian culture, and its practices and customs influence daily life. Friday is a day of prayer, and Ramadan is observed with fasting and other religious rituals. Gambians are known for their art and craft traditions. Local artisans produce woodcarvings, textiles, pottery, and basketry. These products are often sold in local markets and are popular with tourists.
Geography & Weather:
Gambia’s climate is tropical.
In the city of Banjul, on the north coast, the average temperature ranges from 77 to 83 degrees Fahrenheit. The coldest month is January with a median temperature of 77 degrees F and June being the hottest month with a median temperature of 83 degrees F. The rainy season in this area is June - October. The rainiest month is August which gets more than 12 inches of rain. The sea temperature is 78 degrees year round.
In Sabi, located inland, the average temperature ranges from 75 to 89 degrees Fahrenheit. The coldest month is January with a median temperature of 75 degrees F and April is the hottest month with a median temperature of 89 degrees F. The rainy season in this area is June - October.
Economy:
The economy of Gambia is largely based on agriculture, with more than 70% of the population engaged in farming and related activities. The country's main cash crops are peanuts, cotton, and palm kernels, which are exported to other countries. Tourism and fishing also contribute to the economy. Tourism brings in about 150 Million USD in revenue annually. Despite its potential, Gambia faces high unemployment rates, especially among the youth. According to the World Bank, the unemployment rate in Gambia was around 30% in 2019, with higher rates among women and young people. The lack of job opportunities and underemployment are major challenges for the country. Gambia has made efforts to address unemployment by promoting entrepreneurship, vocational training, and microfinance initiatives. The government has also established a National Youth Council and a Youth Employment Network to help address youth unemployment. In recent years, Gambia has also experienced some economic challenges, including high debt levels and a weak currency. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated these challenges, leading to a decline in economic activity and increasing poverty and unemployment. Overall, while Gambia has made some progress in addressing unemployment, more efforts are needed to create more job opportunities and improve the country's economic situation.
Currency/Foreign Exchange Rate:
Gambian Dalasi (GMD)
GMD 1.00 = USD .019
Country Stats:
Population (2020):
2,416,668
Median Age:
17.8 yrs
Life Expectancy:
63.26 yrs
Visa Requirements:
Needed for Entry for US Citizens? Yes
Cost: Tourist Visa, multiple entry $200
*Visa on arrival is available for US Citizens*
Citizenship Requirements:
Dual citizenship - Yes, only for Gambian born citizens
Naturalization - Gambian citizenship may be acquired upon fulfillment of the following conditions: Person has resided in The Gambia for fifteen consecutive years, is of good morality, able to financially support themselves, and intend on living in the country. Must also renounce their citizenship to their home country.
Residency Requirements:
A residence permit is available for people looking to relocate into Gambia as expats. You must be in the country 3 months prior to applying at the local police station. This permit is good for 1 year and needs to be renewed annually.
Resources:
U.S. Embassy Banjul
92 Kairaba Avenue, Fajara
Banjul, The Gambia
Telephone: +(220) 439-2856
Emergency After-Hours Telephone: +(220) 439-2856
Fax: +(220) 439-2475
Email: ConsularBanjul@state.gov