Niger
Subregion: Western Africa
Niger is a country located in Western Africa. The Capital City is Niamey. The government is a Unitary semi-presidential republic. The official language of the country is French. There are several common languages of the country, including Arabic. The predominant religion is Islam. The healthcare system in Niger has both private and public sectors. The public healthcare sector is severely lacking and faces several challenges.
Safety:
Niger, like many countries, has its share of safety concerns. Niger has experienced terrorist attacks from groups such as Boko Haram, ISIS, and al-Qaeda. These attacks have targeted civilians, military personnel, and government buildings. Kidnapping for ransom is a common occurrence in Niger, particularly in the north and west of the country. Foreign nationals are often targeted, and the risk of kidnapping increases in areas close to the borders with Mali and Burkina Faso. Crime is also a concern in Niger, with high rates of theft and robbery reported in urban areas. Niger has experienced political instability in the past, with military coups and protests against the government. These events can lead to violence and unrest. The road conditions and safety in Niger can vary depending on the region and the time of year. In general, road conditions in Niger can be poor, with many unpaved and poorly maintained roads outside of the major cities. During the rainy season, many roads can become impassable, and floods can cause significant damage to infrastructure. In addition to poor road conditions, Niger has a high rate of traffic accidents, with many caused by reckless driving, speeding, and poor vehicle maintenance. It is important to exercise caution when driving in Niger, especially outside of the major cities.
Cultural Customs:
Niger is a landlocked country in West Africa, with a rich cultural heritage. Traditional clothing in Niger is often colorful and made from cotton or silk fabrics. Men typically wear a long shirt called a boubou or a kaftan, while women wear a dress called a kaftan or a wrapper called a pagne. Both men and women may also wear a turban or headscarf. Niger is home to a variety of traditional music and dance styles, including the takamba, which is played on a three-stringed lute and accompanied by dancing, and the zarma, which is a dance performed by women. In Niger, it is customary to greet others with a handshake, followed by the Arabic greeting "Salam Aleikum" (meaning "Peace be upon you"), to which the response is "Aleikum Salam" (meaning "And upon you, peace"). The cuisine of Niger is heavily influenced by its nomadic and agricultural traditions. Millet is a staple food, and is often served in the form of porridge or couscous. Other common foods include rice, beans, and stews made with meat or fish. In Niger, arranged marriages are common, and may involve a dowry payment. Weddings are typically large celebrations that involve the entire community, and may last for several days. Islam is the predominant religion in Niger, and many of the cultural customs are influenced by Islamic traditions. However, traditional animist beliefs also coexist with Islam in many parts of the country. Respect for elders is highly valued, and younger people are expected to show deference to their elders. This includes using formal titles and honorifics when addressing older people. Nigeriens are known for their hospitality, and it is customary to offer food and drink to guests. In some cultures, it is also common to offer a gift to a host or hostess when visiting their home.
Geography & Weather:
Niger is a multi-climate country. The north has a desert climate, the center is semi-desert and the south is semi-arid.
In Agadaz, in the center of the country, the average temperature ranges from 70 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit. The coldest month is January with a median temperature of 70 degrees F and June being the hottest month with a median temperature of 95 degrees F. There isn’t much rain in this area as they average only 4 inches of rain per year. The sun shines 9 - 10 hours daily, all year round.
In Naimey, which is in the middle of the country, the average temperature ranges from 76 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit. The coldest month is January with a median temperature of 76 degrees F and April is the hottest month with a median temperature of 95 degrees F. Monsoon season in this area is May - September. The sun is out 8 - 9 hours a day, year round. This area is affected by the Harmattan in winter.
Economy:
Agriculture employs more than 80% of the country's workforce and contributes to about 40% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP). The main agricultural products include cowpeas, millet, sorghum, and rice. Niger's extractive industries mainly consist of uranium mining, which is the country's largest export. Other mineral resources include coal, gold, and oil, although these are not as significant as uranium. The country also has potential for tourism, particularly eco-tourism due to its diverse wildlife and natural landscapes. Despite its potential resources, Niger remains one of the poorest countries in the world with high levels of poverty, unemployment, and a low human development index. The country faces numerous challenges, including desertification, food insecurity, and political instability. The government has implemented various economic reforms to attract foreign investment and diversify the economy, but progress has been slow.
Currency/Foreign Exchange Rate:
West African CFA Franc (XOF)
XOF 1.00 = USD .0016
Country Stats:
Population (2020):
24,206,644
Median Age:
15.2
Life Expectancy:
63.62
Visa Requirements:
Needed for Entry for US Citizens? Yes
Cost: Tourist Visa, single entry $155
*Additional Information*
Yellow fever vaccination on WHO Yellow Card is required for entry. The card should be carried with you at all times.
Citizenship Requirements:
Dual citizenship - Yes
Naturalization - Nigerien citizenship may be acquired upon fulfillment of the following conditions: Person has resided in Niger for at least ten years, is of good character, have no criminal convictions, and understands the customs and traditions of the country.
Residency Requirements:
A temporary residency certificate (permis de séjour) is available for people looking to relocate into Niger as expats. You must have your 90 day tourist visa and apply at the local police station before your visa expires. This certificate is good for 3 years and is renewable.
Resources:
Niger Ministry of Foreign Affairs
U.S. Embassy Niamey
Rue des Ambassades, BP 11201
Niamey, Niger Republic
Telephone: +(227) 20-72-26-61
Emergency After-Hours Telephone: +(227) 99-49-90-66
consulateniamey@state.gov